Office Evacuation

UPDATE, 11/20: EVACUATION OVER AND POWER RESTORED :)

Language Magazine’s office and the homes of most of our team have been under mandatory evacuation for the last week due to Southern California’s Woolsey Fire, but we are hopeful that evacuation orders will be lifted within the next few days and that we will then be able to resume normal operations.

We apologize for not responding to queries and requests over the last few days.

We would like to take this opportunity to recognize all agencies, firefighters, and volunteers who are fearlessly and courageously putting forth the effort to assist those who have suffered loss during the recent fires in Northern and Southern California. With the challenging weather, this has been an uphill battle. In the Woolsey Fire specifically, there have been three fatalities, over 97,620 acres have been burned, and we are at 47% containment. More than 4,000 structures have been destroyed, with 57,000 structures still at risk, and 250,000 people have been under mandatory evacuation.

For the most current information on the Woolsey Fire, follow this link: https://bit.ly/2Ft4rl9

You can also follow the Los Angeles County Fire Department Twitter account @LACoFDPIO

If you are looking to donate, please see the below list to help those affected by the Woolsey and Hill Fires: Los Angeles County Fire Department Foundation:  http://www.lacfdf.org/, American Red Cross: https://www.redcross.org/,Fire Relief Fund through the Entertainment Industry Foundation:  https://bit.ly/2MP6zmk

 

Russian Bill Threatens Native Languages

The lower house of Russia’s parliament has approved a controversial bill on the teaching of native languages in schools. In the draft law approved by the State Duma, the Russian language was included in the list of native languages that students can learn at public schools throughout the country’s regions.

Russia’s “ethnic” republics, with their diverse populations, were among those regions granted some autonomy, including choices concerning linguistic and cultural education, after the collapse the Soviet Union. However last year, President Putin decreed that children in these regions must not be forced to learn languages that are not their mother tongues, ending mandatory indigenous language classes in the regions,

Regional activists argue that the new legislation threatens the traditions and languages that make up the Russian Federation.

Presenting the draft bill, the United Russia party’s deputy Alena Arshinova quoted Putin’s statement at last year’s council on interethnic relations that ‘’you cannot force a person to learn a language that is not native to him or her’’ and claimed that, in addition to the blatant violations of the rights of students and their parents, when studying the problem, the authors of the bill ‘’revealed a significant layer of problems’’ in the republics where there is a mandatory teaching ethnic languages, but ‘’no methodology for teaching and no fully-prepared teachers’’. 

As passed, the bill would prevent regions from requiring the study of and teaching in minority languages and making such study voluntary at the request of parents. At the same time, the study of Russian language and culture would be part of the required curriculum. Many in the ethnic republics fear the change would mean fewer opportunities for minority-language speakers and would represent a major intrusion by the federal government into an area previously delegated to the regions.

The move has triggered protests in Russia’s North Caucasus, Volga region, Siberia, and Far East, where local languages have official status alongside Russian, which seem to be having an effect: Vyacheslav Nikonov, chairman of the Duma’s Education and Science Committee, said the final bill will list the national languages of Russia’s so-called ethnic republics as “obligatory” school subjects.

“There have been fears that the languages of various peoples will not be in the obligatory section of [the national educational] curriculum,” Nikonov said during the debate over the bill. “They will be there. The necessary changes will be made to include them in the obligatory section.”

He added that Russian will be among those “native languages,” and that students’ parents will be allowed to choose “the language of study or native language as a subject of study.” 

Hindi Adds 100 Million Speakers

According to the largest language census in Indian history, Hindi added 100 million new speakers between 2001 and 2011—a 25% rise, while 19,569 different languages or dialects were described as a “mother tongue” by the 1.21 billion people in the country. Of these languages, only 121 have 10,000 speakers or more.

The census, which took seven years to complete, identified Hindi as the country’s most-spoken language with more than 43% of the population (more than 528 million people) able to communicate in it, but it was the only India’s top ten languages to record an increase in speakers.

Population increases in central and northern India—Hindi-speaking areas—in contrast to southern states may explain Hindi’s growth, but the definition of languages in the census may also have contributed. Ganesh Devy, a linguist and founder of the Bhasha Trust research organization, explained to Deutsche Welle: “The census has subsumed many languages in Hindi. This includes Bhojpuri, which is spoken by more than 50 million people. Bhojpuri is not Hindi; it is a different language.”

“Many other languages spoken in the states of Rajasthan, Haryana, Arunachal Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand, with millions of speakers, were also categorized as Hindi to inflate the figures,” added Devy.

The census shows a sharp decline in the number of speakers of nearly all southern Indian languages, with Telugu slipping to fourth position and Tamil to fifth from their respective third and fourth positions in the 2001 census.

Political expediency may also have affected the reporting of the numbers of Sanskrit and Urdu speakers. Sanskrit, which is associated with Hinduism, saw a 75% increase in a decade, while Urdu, Pakistan’s main language, seen as an Islamic language, became the only Indian language with more than 10 million speakers to experience a decline.

Dónde Votar

Google Trends, which tracks the use of search terms, tweeted this morning that “Dónde Votar” was the top trending search on Google, spiking by more than 3,000%. Within an hour of the tweet, Priorities USA Action, a Democrat super PAC, translated its voter mobilization ads online to Spanish, specifically for voters in Arizona and Florida.

This election cycle, Priorities USA Action has focused its efforts on improving digital advertising in support of Democrats. The group had not planned to run voter resource ads on Election Day but changed its plan when it found that Google was providing English search results to the Spanish term “dónde votar.”

The group’s digital ad, which showed up on Google, directed voters in Spanish to IWillVote.com, the Democratic National Committee’s bilingual website that allows voters to find out whether they are registered and to find their polling place.

K-pop Inspires Korean Learners

For the first time ever, the No 1 album in the U.S. features lyrics sung mostly in Korean. Love Yourself: Tear by K-pop group BTS clinched the No 1 spot last month, surprising many industry analysts.

Priscilla Kim, director of the Korean Cultural Center in New York, which offers language courses, told The Guardian that, among younger students, K-pop has become a driving factor to learn the language. 

“Over the years we have definitely witnessed growing popularity of K-pop among younger students. 

As a Korean language and cultural institution located in the heart of K-town, we have courses in the summer that are tailored toward K-pop fans who are interested in learning Korean through K-pop lyrics.”

EdTech for English Learners

U.S. Department of Education data show that English learners in grades K–12 in U.S. public schools in the 2015–16 school year numbered over five million students—about 10 percent of all enrolled students—and that roughly three-fourths of public school districts included students who are English learners. Many teachers, including those in small and rural districts, have one or more English learners in their classrooms—or soon will—and these teachers often use technology when instructing their English learners.

In other words, educators and technologists alike should be approaching EdTech with English learners’ unique needs in mind. To help them do that, the U.S. Department of Education has developed toolkits that clarify what you should know, what you should ask, and what you should consider doing when it comes to using or building EdTech to support English learners.

The toolkit for educators offers five guiding principles for educators to apply in exploring new ways of working with and supporting their English learners through technology, starting with recognizing their students’ unique needs and thinking through to the best technologies to help meet those needs.

The toolkit for EdTech developers provides guidance on the needs of English learners and their educators; supports to consider including with your product that may be especially useful for English learners; ways to communicate about products with districts and educators of English learners to facilitate adoption of your products; and the types of professional development and training activities that educators find most valuable.

Guiding Principles

  1. Understand what educational technology offers for instructing English learners

  2. Discover the types of educational technology available

  3. Maximize the supports that educational technology offers English learners

  4. Seek out hands-on, instruction-focused professional development

  5. Learn more about English learners and educational technology

 

Guiding Principles for Developers

  1. Understand what English learners and their educators need

  2. Design by leveraging research and best practices

  3. Include support features for English learners

  4. Communicate with educators to increase product adoption to support the instruction of English learners

  5. Offer instruction-focused professional development

 

Sources:

https://tech.ed.gov/edtech-english-learner-toolkits/

https://tech.ed.gov/edtech-english-learner-toolkits/educators/

https://tech.ed.gov/edtech-english-learner-toolkits/developers/

 

Germans Give $1.2 Million for English Research

The German Research Foundation (DFG) has granted a Reinhart Koselleck Project to Prof. Dr. Monika Fludernik of the Department of English at the University of Freiburg. The foundation awards aid to people with outstanding reputations in research. The program’s aim is to support scholars pursuing exceptionally innovative projects or those that involve a high level of positive risk. Fludernik’s award has an endowment of €1 million ($1.2 million). Her project, “Diachronic Narratology,” aims to expand the current narratological model. The latest DFG grant means there are now six Reinhart Koselleck Projects at the University of Freiburg.

Another goal of Fludernik’s is to innovatively reorient narratological study. Rather than relying on traditional synchronism oriented on a single period of time, she focuses on a diachronic approach and studies successive points in time. Up to now, narratology has been pursued according to the tradition of the French literary theorist Gérard Genette. In essence, it is a synchronous discipline with claim to universality of its categories—for example, the relationship between narrative time and narrated time, or narrative perspective, which is also known as focalization. By contrast, Fludernik’s project is based on narratology that adds a historical perspective to the conventional model, analyzing continuities and discontinuities in narrative forms and functions starting from the late Middle Ages and proceeding to modernism.

Helpful Resources for Preservice and In-Service Teachers and Academics

Routledge’s books for K–12 world language teachers include The World Language Teacher’s Guide to Active Learning, 2nd Edition: Strategies and Activities for Increasing Student Engagement, by Deborah Blaz (9781138049574; $34.95), as well as Differentiated Instruction, 2nd Edition: A Guide for World Language Teachers, by Deborah Blaz (9781138906181; $35.95). These books provide a plethora of practical strategies that are easy to implement and that will help teachers personalize instruction, keeping students engaged in language learning. Free downloadable versions of some of the tools and handouts in these books are available on the Routledge website (search book and then e-resources tab), so teachers can print and distribute them for immediate classroom use. Routledge also publishes books on dual-language instruction and culturally responsive teaching. An Educator’s Guide to Dual Language Instruction: Increasing Achievement and Global Competence K–12, by Gayle Westerberg and Leslie Davison (9781138946576; $35.95), features step-by-step instructions and strategies, as well as inspirational stories from educators in urban and rural dual-language programs across the country. Topics include choosing a model for a dual-language program and involving stakeholders; implementing a standards-based instructional framework focused on direct vocabulary instruction; setting proficiency targets and using internal and external assessments to track students’ progress; and incorporating technology. Determining Difference from Disability: What Culturally Responsive Teachers Should Know, by Gerry McCain and Megan Farnsworth (9781138577756; $34.95), offers clear guidelines for determining if the culturally or linguistically diverse (CLD) students/English language learners (ELLs) in a general education classroom are experiencing typical language differences, learning disabilities, or both.

Readers will discover how to move from a traditional behavioristic perspective to a more culturally responsive perspective and how to identify patterns in formal assessments and informal instruction in order to distinguish between language differences and learning disabilities. Resources for preservice teachers include Eli Hinkel’s ESL and Applied Linguistics series, featuring books such as Understanding and Teaching English Spelling (9781138082670; $52.95). The book provides preservice and practicing English language teachers with the knowledge they need to successfully teach the spelling of English. Plurilingualism in Teaching and Learning (9781138228498; $49.95) assembles a diverse range of research studies on the role of plurilingualism across a wide variety of teaching and learning settings. Other key titles include Global Perspectives on Language Education Policies (9781138090828; $49.95) and Teaching English to Second Language Learners in Academic Contexts (9781138647602; $49.95). www.routledge.com/posts/14546

Transitioning to Standards-Based Classrooms

In A Teacher’s Guide to Standards-Based Learning, published by Marzano Research, authors Tammy Heflebower, Jan K. Hoegh, Philip B. Warrick, and Jeff Flygare detail a sequential approach for implementing standards-based learning in K–12 classrooms.
Using their decades of experience in schools, along with up-to-date research, the authors explain the theories and ideas behind standards-based learning—a method of connecting curriculum, instruction, assessment, and feedback in classrooms—and provide constructive examples for implementation.

“While standards-based learning is better for students, in fact, once teachers make it through the transition stage to full implementation, standards-based learning is better for teachers,” explain the authors in the book’s introduction. “It provides time to go deeper, clarity about the content, and evidence that they are reaching more students.”

Key topics covered include:

  • Planning instruction with proficiency scales
  • Instructing with proficiency scales
  • Setting goals and tracking progress
  • Administering quality classroom assessments and figuring grades
  • Teaching exceptional students
  • Communicating grades

Also included are answers to frequently asked questions, as well as a sample unit plan at the elementary school level.

Thomas M. Buckmiller, an associate professor at Drake University in Iowa, had high praise for the title, explaining, “A Teacher’s Guide to Standards-Based Learning… will serve teachers and instructional leaders well as they transition to instructional, feedback, and assessment strategies that support learners. This book is a practical and sequential companion for teachers and provides clear, working definitions and examples to assist the practitioner in this journey.”

MarzanoResearch.com

Prereading: Priming the Pump

Have you ever read a book and laughed out loud? Has a book or other text ever made you cry, get angry, or feel scared? If you are reading Language Magazine, the odds are high that your answer is “yes!” While strong readers feel a wide range of emotions directly related to the type of text they are reading, weak readers generally feel only one emotion when they read: frustration. Limited literacy skills present a huge obstacle to learning in general, and although being preliterate does not make language acquisition impossible, it certainly does slow down the process and limit language potential. Individuals who read frequently generally have much larger vocabularies than those who do not. This is true of one’s first language or one’s second. Language learners who read more consistently have larger vocabularies, better verbal skills, better writing, and more sophisticated grammar. The numerous benefits of reading for language acquisition make improving literacy skills a worthwhile endeavor. Reading, however, will not aid acquisition until learners have reached a minimum threshold of vocabulary knowledge through auditory exposure. Beginning language learners can only decode text (connect the written word to the spoken word) when they have already heard the words they see. The key to successfully using reading as a tool to enhance and accelerate the rate of acquisition is to focus on prereading strategies rather than how-to-read strategies. The most powerful prereading strategies are ones that emotionally engage learners. Start by previewing the reading and identifying two to three topics that interest learners. Seek out personal connections and build background knowledge, while strategically weaving new (upcoming) vocabulary into the lessons. Learn powerful prereading strategies at ACTFL 2018 or tune into the livestream session at https://www.facebook.com: “Prereading: Priming the Pump.” FluencyMatters.com

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